TOEFL TPO 71 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Explain the concept of masking and how it affects orca whales

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位同学的回答相对清晰，但在某些地方可能需要稍作改进。例如，可以尝试提高发音的准确性，并保持一致的语速。此外，适当减少停顿也有助于提高整体表达效果。建议多加练习，以提高口语表达能力。

4.话题发展 从话题发展的角度来看，这位同学的回答基本上符合要求，但仍有改进空间。可以尝试更清晰地阐述掩蔽现象对虎鲸的影响，并给出更具体的例子。此外，在组织结构上可以更加紧密，以便让听众更容易理解。建议多加练习和思考，以便在考试中更好地展示自己的话题发展能力。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: While the passage explains masking, which is a phenomenon that another sound covers the animal's sound, the professor in the lecture explains one example to elucidate it. He states that a kind of wild species would depend on special sounds from their echo to search to identify the local location, size, objectives, such as for food, and the surrounding, such as a clicking sound would lead the whale for a meal. The scientists found that when the broad level of sound increases, it blocks the whale to search for food and information.

Corrected Answer: While the passage explains maskingthe concept of masking, which is a phenomenon thatwhere another sound covers the animal's soundan animal's sounds, the professor in the lecture provides an example to elucidate it. He states that a kind of wild speciesorca whales depend on special sounds from their echoecholocation to search to identifyidentify and locate objects such as food in their surroundings. A clicking sound would lead the whale to its next meal. The scientists found that when the broad level of sound increasesambient noise level increases, it hinders the whale's ability to search for food and gather information.

(将“masking”改为“the concept of masking”，使表达更清晰。将“that”改为“where”，使句子结构更自然。将“the animal's sound”改为“an animal's sounds”，使表达更准确。将“a kind of wild species”改为“orca whales”，使表达更具体。将“echo”改为“echolocation”，使词汇更准确。将“search to identify”改为“identify and locate”，使表达更流畅。将“broad level of sound increases”改为“ambient noise level increases”，使表达更专业。)

Revised Answer (140 words): The passage introduces the concept of masking, where one sound covers an animal's sounds, making it difficult for them to transmit or receive essential signals. The professor in the lecture provides an example involving orca whales, which rely on echolocation to identify and locate objects such as food in their surroundings. They produce clicking sounds, and the echoes from these sounds help guide them to their next meal. Scientists conducted a study on orca whales' habitat off the west coast of Canada, focusing on noise from boats sharing the same waterway. They discovered that when the ambient noise level increased, it hindered the whales' ability to search for food and gather information. As a result, the area in which the whales searched for food shrank by up to 20%, indicating that their echolocation systems were not functioning optimally due to masking.

6.思维导图

• Masking

  • Concept
  • Animal sounds

• Orca Whales

  • Echolocation
    • Clicking sounds
    • Identifying and locating objects
  • Study
    • West coast of Canada
    • Boat noise
    • Ambient noise level increase

• Impact on Whales

  • Hindered search for food
  • Reduced area for searching (20%)
  • Echolocation system not functioning optimally

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，发言者的语言流利，语速适中，偶尔有停顿。为了提高发言质量，建议发言者在练习时注意发音准确性，并尝试减少不必要的停顿。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，发言者的回答内容连贯、组织良好，观点之间关系明确，并且提供了足够的支持和例子。为了进一步提高话题发展水平，建议发言者在练习时尝试更深入地分析和解释观点，以便更充分地展示对问题的理解。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Masking occurs when the environmental sound is louder than the sound that the animal uses. Masking occurs when environmental sounds are louder than those used by animals. (原句中的表达较为拗口，修改后更自然流畅) The professor uses a certain kind of whale, for example, to illustrate this. The professor provides an example of orca whales to illustrate this concept. (修改后的句子更简洁明了) A large whale called orcas uses its ecosystem to find the location and search for food. Orcas, a large whale species, use their echolocation system to locate and search for food. (修正了原句中的用词错误，使句子更准确) A group of scientists studied the noise of boats, and they turned out that the noise of boats can change the behavior of this kind of whales. Scientists studied boat noise and discovered that it can alter the behavior of these whales. (简化了原句，使其更自然流畅) It can block the ecosystem of the whales to a shorter distance. It can reduce the effective range of the whales' echolocation system. (修正了原句中的用词错误，使句子更准确) The area that the whales can use decreased 20%, and their ecosystems are not able to function fully. The area in which the whales can search for food decreases by 20%, and their echolocation systems cannot function optimally. (修改后的句子更准确地描述了问题) They can't gather more information. They are unable to gather sufficient information about their surroundings. (修改后的句子更自然流畅)

Revised Answer (140 words): Masking occurs when environmental sounds are louder than those used by animals. The professor provides an example of orca whales to illustrate this concept. Orcas, a large whale species, use their echolocation system to locate and search for food. Scientists studied boat noise and discovered that it can alter the behavior of these whales. It can reduce the effective range of the whales' echolocation system. The area in which the whales can search for food decreases by 20%, and their echolocation systems cannot function optimally. They are unable to gather sufficient information about their surroundings. As a result, masking poses a significant threat to the survival of orca whales, as it impairs their ability to communicate, locate food, and navigate their environment effectively.

6.思维导图

• Masking

  • Environmental sounds
  • Animal sounds

• Orca whales

  • Echolocation system
  • Food search

• Boat noise

  • Altered behavior
  • Reduced echolocation range

• Impact on survival

  • Communication impairment
  • Navigation difficulties

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

回答中的发音大部分清晰，但在某些地方可能需要稍作改进。为了提高发音，请注意练习发音和语调。此外，尝试保持一致的语速，避免在不必要的地方停顿。

4.话题发展 回答内容基本上是连贯和组织良好的，但可以进一步改进。首先，请确保正确使用专业术语，例如“Orchids”应改为“orca whales”。其次，在描述实验时，请注意提供更详细的信息，以便更好地支持你的观点。例如，可以提到加拿大西海岸的实验地点以及研究人员如何观察到鲸鱼觅食区域缩小了20%。最后，在总结时，请确保清楚地阐述主要观点，并简要概括实验结果对鲸鱼生活的影响。

5.语言使用

Original: Masking refers to the result that when environmental sounds are louder than sounds the animals uses. And the professor used the whales named Orchidsorcas (改为正确的鲸鱼名称) for example. This kind of whale would use a special ecosystemecho system (修正为正确的词汇) to locate food in their surroundings. And they will generate a sound of clicking. And this will lead them to find the locations of the food. And the scientists used the noises from boats to test if there will be possible change of the whales when the sounds or noise of the boats are louder. And they found that if the sounds are blocking the transmission of the clicking sound of the whale, the area they find food are getting smaller. So it can show that the ecosystem doesn't function that well and the whales would gather less information not as same as food before in their surroundings.

Revised (140 words): Masking occurs when environmental sounds are louder than those produced by animals. The professor cited orca whales as an example. These whales utilize a unique echo system to locate food in their environment by generating clicking sounds, which help them find food sources. Scientists conducted an experiment using boat noises to determine if increased noise levels would affect orca behavior. They discovered that when boat noises blocked the transmission of orcas' clicking sounds, their foraging area shrank by up to 20%. This indicates that their echo system was not functioning optimally, causing them to gather less information about potential food sources in their surroundings compared to when there was no noise interference.

6.思维导图

• Masking

  • Environmental sounds
  • Animal sounds

• Orca whales

  • Echo system
    • Clicking sounds
    • Locating food

• Experiment

  • Boat noises
  • Impact on orcas
    • Foraging area reduction

7.关键词