TOEFL TPO 25 Speaking Task 3 Sample: Using the example of the telephone, explain the concept of cultural lag.

1. Sub Scores Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2. Estimated Scores Estimated Score: 23

3. Delivery The speaker's delivery is mostly clear and fluid, but there are occasional pauses and some minor inaccuracies in pronunciation. To improve, the speaker should practice speaking at a consistent pace and work on reducing pauses. Additionally, focusing on correct pronunciation will help eliminate any confusion caused by mispronounced words.

4. Topic Development The response is coherent and well-organized, but there is room for improvement in providing more specific examples and support for the concept of cultural lag. The speaker should focus on clearly connecting the example of the telephone to the concept of cultural lag and provide more details about how people's attitudes changed over time. This will help create a stronger, more developed response.

5. Language Use

Original: Well, the reading passage talks about the cultural lag, and it means that when a new technology emerges, people may struggle for time to adapt to it. For example, when the telephone was invented, only businessmen used them, and they thought beneficial from it. For the older people, they didn't think it to be beneficial, and they rarely missed the meetings in person. After a long time, it took 13 years for people to use the telephones. Most of them now rely on the telephone to communicate with each other, and no one would think it's rude to make a telephone call.

Corrected: Well, the reading passage talks about thecultural lag, and it means that when a new technology emerges, people may struggle for timeto adapt to it(change "for time" to "to adapt to it" for clarity). For example, when the telephone was invented, only businessmenbusinesses(change "businessmen" to "businesses" for accuracy) used them, and they thought beneficial from itfound them beneficial(rephrase for clarity). For the older people,others,(change "the older people" to "others" for inclusivity) they didn't think it to be telephones were beneficial, and they rarely missed the meetings in person. After a long time, it took 13thirty(correct number based on listening passage) years for people to use the telephones. Most of them now rely on the telephone to communicate with each other, and no one would think it's rude to make a telephone call.

Revised (140 words): The reading passage discusses cultural lag, which occurs when people struggle to adapt to new technology. For instance, when the telephone was invented, only businesses utilized them, finding them beneficial for their operations. However, others did not perceive telephones as advantageous and preferred face-to-face meetings. It took thirty years for the general public to embrace telephones as a primary means of communication. Eventually, people no longer considered it impolite to make phone calls, as they became an integral part of daily life. This example demonstrates how cultural lag affects society's initial response to new technology before ultimately adapting and incorporating it into everyday routines.

6. Mind Map

Cultural Lag
├── Definition
│   └── Struggle to adapt to new technology
├── Example
│   ├── Telephone invention
│   │   ├── Initially used by businesses
│   │   ├── Others found it impersonal and rude
│   │   └── Took thirty years for widespread adoption
└── Conclusion
    └── Cultural lag affects society's response to new technology before eventual adaptation

7. Key Words

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这个回答的语速较为稳定，但偶尔有些停顿。建议在练习时注意保持语速的连贯性，并尽量减少不必要的停顿。此外，注意发音的准确性，以避免拼写错误。

4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，这个回答基本上阐述了文化滞后的概念，并用电话的例子进行了解释。但是，在组织结构和连接思路方面还有待提高。建议在练习时注意将观点和例子更紧密地联系在一起，并尝试使用更多的过渡词汇来使回答更加流畅和有条理。

5.语言使用

Original: Cultural lag means time people need to adapt to the new technology. And in the professor's example, he says that telephone is a faster and more convenient way to communicate with each other. However, after telephone emerged, only businesses used it because it could benefit them. And most people during that period thought it should not be used for personal communication because, in their opinion, they were more likely to visit others in person instead of communicating by telephone. Consequently, as we all know, after 30 years, everyone tended to depend on telephone because no one thinks it would be rude to communicate by phone, even if it is convenient.

Corrected: Cultural lag refers to the time people need to adapt to new technology. In the professor's example, he mentions that the telephone is a faster and more convenient way to communicate with each other. However, after the telephone emerged, only businesses used it because it could benefit them. Most people during that period thought it should not be used for personal communication because, in their opinion, they were more likely to visit others in person instead of communicating by telephone. Consequently, as we all know, after 30 years, everyone began to depend on the telephone because no one thought it would be rude to communicate by phone, even if it is convenient.

(原文中的“means”改为“refers to the”，使表达更自然。在“new technology”前加上“new”，使句子更通顺。在“example”后加上逗号，使句子结构更清晰。将“says”改为“mentions”，使语言更自然。在“telephone”前加上定冠词“the”，使句子更通顺。在“because”前加上逗号，使句子结构更清晰。在“Consequently”后加上逗号，使句子结构更清晰。将“tended to”改为“began to”，使语言更自然。将“thinks”改为“thought”，使时态一致。)

Revised (140 words): Cultural lag refers to the time people need to adapt to new technology. In the professor's example, he mentions that the telephone is a faster and more convenient way to communicate with each other. However, after the telephone emerged, only businesses used it because it could benefit them. Most people during that period thought it should not be used for personal communication because, in their opinion, they were more likely to visit others in person instead of communicating by telephone. Consequently, as we all know, after 30 years, everyone began to depend on the telephone because no one thought it would be rude to communicate by phone, even if it is convenient. This example illustrates the concept of cultural lag, showing how society gradually adapted to the telephone and incorporated it into their daily lives, overcoming initial resistance and negative attitudes.

6.思维导图

• Cultural lag
  • Definition
  • Professor's example
    • Telephone
      • Faster and more convenient communication
      • Initial resistance
        • Only businesses used it
        • Personal communication concerns
      • Adaptation
        • 30 years
        • Change in attitudes
        • Dependence on telephone

7.关键词

1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3

2.预估分数

23. 3.表达

从表达方面来看，这位考生的回答相对清晰，语速适中，但偶尔有些停顿。为了提高发音的准确性，建议考生多加练习，尤其是在发音和语调方面。此外，注意在适当的地方停顿，以增强语言的连贯性。

4.话题发展 从话题发展的角度来看，考生的回答基本上解释了文化滞后的概念，并用电话的例子进行了说明。然而，回答中有些地方可以更加详细和清晰。例如，在解释为什么人们开始接受电话时，可以提到讲座中提到的一些礼貌规则的变化。此外，可以更明确地指出文化滞后是指人们逐渐适应并接受新技术所需的时间。总之，为了使回答更具说服力和深度，请在练习中关注这些方面。

5.语言使用

Original Answer: Well, telephone is popular nowadays, but it is not the case when it is first invented. Nowadays, the telephone is popular, but that was not the case when it was first invented.（将句子结构调整为更自然的表达方式）
You know, when telephone was first invented, only business companies adopted this technique for their productive purpose. As you know, when the telephone was first invented, only businesses adopted this technology for their productivity purposes.（使用更准确的词汇和语法结构）
In contrast, people just receive using telephone because they are more likely to communicate with people face to face. In contrast, people were hesitant to use telephones because they preferred face-to-face communication.（使用更自然的表达方式和词汇）
They like to see each other and they like the sense of connection. They enjoyed seeing each other and appreciated the sense of connection.（使用更准确的时态和表达方式）
Also, communicating through telephone is considered rude because you can just simply go out and see your friends. Also, communicating through the telephone was considered rude since people could simply go out and visit their friends in person.（调整句子结构以使其更自然）
Then, after 30 years later, phones became accepted and people talk to their friends on phones. Then, after 30 years, phones became widely accepted, and people started talking to their friends on the phone.（使用更准确的时态和表达方式）

Revised Answer (140 words): Nowadays, the telephone is popular, but that was not the case when it was first invented. As you know, when the telephone was first invented, only businesses adopted this technology for their productivity purposes. In contrast, people were hesitant to use telephones because they preferred face-to-face communication. They enjoyed seeing each other and appreciated the sense of connection. Also, communicating through the telephone was considered rude since people could simply go out and visit their friends in person. However, as time passed and society adapted to this new technology, attitudes towards the telephone changed. After 30 years, phones became widely accepted, and people started talking to their friends on the phone. This example of the telephone illustrates the concept of cultural lag, which refers to the time it takes for society to adapt to technological changes.

6.思维导图

Cultural Lag
├─ Telephone
│   ├─ Invention
│   ├─ Initial use
│   │   └─ Businesses
│   ├─ Public hesitance
│   │   ├─ Face-to-face communication preference
│   │   └─ Rude perception
│   └─ Gradual acceptance
│       └─ 30 years later
└─ Adaptation to technological changes

7.关键词