TOEFL Speaking Task 3 Sample: Explain how the experiment with bees supports the predictiveadaptive response hypothesis.
旧版托福格式的用户历史样本与AI评估结果。
共 1 份历史用户样本
旧版托福题型
本题目来自托福考试的旧版本。当前托福已采用不同的考试结构。这些历史样本仅作为练习参考保留。
题目概览
阅读段落
Predictive Adaptive Response Hypothesis Scientists have found that as certain young organisms develop, those that are exposed tostressful circumstances in the environment end up developing in ways that help them if theyencounter similar circumstances again later in life, This developmental process is called apredictive adaptive response Scientists hypothesize that young organisms take ininformation about their environment and in response make predictions about futureconditions. Based on the predictions, their developmental systems then adapt, preparingthem for the potentially stressful future environment. These organisms are able to handleand survive future stressful circumstances better than those that were not exposed to thosekinds of circumstances when they were young.
题目
Explain how the experiment with bees supports the predictiveadaptive response hypothesis.
用户样本与评估结果
评估结果
1.子项得分 Delivery: 3 Language Use: 3 Topic Development: 3
2.预估分数
23. 3.表达
从表达方面来看，答案的语言流畅度和连贯性较好，但仍有一些不太自然的地方。建议在练习时注意提高发音准确性和语言表达的自然度。同时，适当减少不必要的停顿，保持语速的稳定。
4.话题发展 从话题发展方面来看，答案基本上涵盖了阅读和听力材料中的关键信息，并尝试将它们联系起来。但是，在解释实验如何支持预测性适应反应假设时，可以更详细地描述实验过程和结果。建议在练习时注意组织结构的清晰度和逻辑性，并尝试提供更多支持或例证来增强论点。
5.语言使用Original: According to the reading, predictive adaptive organisms are exposed to stressful circular stimuli in the environment and end up developing in ways that help them if they encounter again. The professor elaborates this by using an experiment. The researchers develop the baby into two groups. One group of babies are short for food and the other are under plenty of food. Until they are adult, put them in the short food environment, but the group of short of food at their young age can be energy-efficient and last longer. The other group can be deprived of their ability to find food as young.
Corrected: According to the reading, predictive adaptive organisms organisms with predictive adaptive responses are exposed to stressful circular stimuli stressful environmental conditions(原文中的表述不够准确，应该是“具有预测性适应反应的生物体”和“应激环境条件”) in the environment and end up developing in ways that help them if they encounter again similar situations later in life(原文中的表述不够清晰，应该是“在生活中再次遇到类似情况”). The professor elaborates this by using an experiment. The researchers develop divided(原文中的动词不恰当，应该是“划分”) the baby into bees into(原文中漏掉了“蜜蜂”这个关键词) two groups. One group of babies are short for food experienced food shortage and the other are under plenty of food had an abundance of food(原文中的表述不够准确，应该是“经历食物短缺”和“拥有充足的食物”). Until they are adult, put them in the short food environment, but the group of short of food at their young age can be energy-efficient and last longer that experienced food shortage during their youth became more energy-efficient and could survive longer(原文中的表述不够清晰，应该是“在幼年时期经历食物短缺的那一组能够更加节能，并且生存时间更长”). The other group can be deprived of their ability to find food as young had a reduced ability to cope with food scarcity as adults(原文中的表述不够准确，应该是“作为成年蜜蜂，另一组在面对食物短缺时应对能力降低”).
Revised (140 words): According to the reading, organisms with predictive adaptive responses are exposed to stressful environmental conditions and end up developing in ways that help them if they encounter similar situations later in life. The professor elaborates on this by using an experiment with bees. The researchers divided the baby bees into two groups. One group experienced food shortage, while the other had an abundance of food. As they developed into adults, both groups were subjected to a temporary food shortage. The group that experienced food shortage during their youth became more energy-efficient and could survive longer in the face of food scarcity. In contrast, the other group had a reduced ability to cope with food scarcity as adults, making them more likely to die off when deprived of nectar.
6.思维导图
- Predictive Adaptive Response Hypothesis
- Stressful environmental conditions
- Development for future situations
- Bee Experiment
- Two groups
- Food shortage
- Abundance of food
- Adult bees
- Temporary food shortage
- Results
- Energy efficiency and survival
- Reduced ability to cope with scarcity
7.关键词
| Word | Phonetic Symbols | Parts of Speech | English definitions | Simplified Chinese translations | Sample sentences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resilient | /rɪˈzɪljənt/ | Adjective | Able to recover quickly from difficult conditions | 有弹性的，能迅速恢复的 | The resilient bees were able to survive the food shortage due to their energy-efficient nature. |
| Nectar | /ˈnɛktər/ | Noun | A sweet liquid produced by flowers, consumed by bees | 花蜜 | Bees collect nectar from flowers and convert it into honey. |
| Energy-efficient | /ˈɛnərdʒi ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | Adjective | Using less energy to provide the same level of performance | 节能的 | The energy-efficient bees were better at conserving resources during the food shortage. |
| Starvation-resistant | /stɑrˈveɪʃən rɪˈzɪstənt/ | Adjective | Able to withstand or survive periods of little or no food | 耐饿的 | The bees that experienced food shortage during their youth became more starvation-resistant. |
| Coping mechanism | /ˈkoʊpɪŋ ˈmɛkənɪzəm/ | Noun | A way of dealing with difficult situations or strong emotions | 应对机制 | The bees developed different coping mechanisms to handle food scarcity based on their early experiences. |
