TOEFL Writing Task 1 Sample: Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they oppose/cast doubt on the specific points made in the reading passage.

1.子项得分 Task fulfillment: 4 Organization: 4 Coherence and Cohesion: 4 Language Use: 3

2.预估分数 Estimated Score: 25

3.任务完成度 整体来说，文章回答了题目要求的问题，但在论述过程中有些地方可以改进。首先，在引用听力部分的观点时，可以更加具体地描述听力中提到的证据。其次，在对比阅读和听力部分时，尽量使用更多的转折词汇来强调两者之间的对立关系。

示例1： 原文：In contrast, the lecturer contends who were responsible for building these unusual theatres were not architects having familiarity with this book but the business man even without being aware of it because the book was published in Latin which only highly educated people can understood at that time. 改进：In contrast, the lecturer contends that those responsible for building these unusual theatres were not architects familiar with this book, but rather businessmen who were likely unaware of its existence due to its publication in Latin, a language only understood by highly educated people at that time.

示例2： 原文：The lecturer disputes this claim by emphasizing that sports arenas were not well-suited for the performances due to the dirty fence around the stages used to protect audiences from the playing animals, which can greatly block the sights from audiences and make a bad experiences to them. 改进：The lecturer disputes this claim by emphasizing that sports arenas were not well-suited for theatrical performances due to the high fences surrounding the central space, which served to protect audiences from animals during sporting events but also obstructed their view during plays, resulting in a poor experience for spectators.

4.文章结构与组织 The essay has a clear structure with an introduction, body, and conclusion. However, there is room for improvement in terms of organization and transitions between ideas and paragraphs. To enhance the coherence and cohesion of the essay, consider using more transitional phrases to connect ideas and emphasize the contrast between the reading passage and the lecture.

Example 1: Original: In contrast, the lecturer contends who were responsible for building these unusual theatres were not architects having familiarity with this book but the business man even without being aware of it because the book was published in Latin which only highly educated people can understood at that time. Improved: On the other hand, the lecturer contends that those responsible for building these unusual theatres were not architects familiar with this book, but rather businessmen who were likely unaware of its existence due to its publication in Latin, a language only understood by highly educated people at that time.

Example 2: Original: The lecturer disputes this claim by emphasizing that sports arenas were not well-suited for the performances due to the dirty fence around the stages used to protect audiences from the playing animals, which can greatly block the sights from audiences and make a bad experiences to them. Improved: However, the lecturer disputes this claim by emphasizing that sports arenas were not well-suited for theatrical performances due to the high fences surrounding the central space, which served to protect audiences from animals during sporting events but also obstructed their view during plays, resulting in a poor experience for spectators.

5. 语法批改

The reading passage outlines three reasons for the unique design of Elizabethan playhouses. However, the lecturer counters these concerns by presenting evidence that these factors are not as significant as initially proposed. Firstly, the reading passage argues that the playhouses were derived from ancient Roman architectures because of prevail published books about the design of Roman theatretheater(misspelling). In contrast, the lecturer contends who were responsible for building these unusual theatrestheaters(misspelling) were not architects having familiarity with this book but the business manbusinessman(business man (businessman)) even without being aware of it because the book was published in Latin which only highly educated people can understoodunderstand(Non-infinitive verb after modal verbs) at that time. Secondly, the passage suggests that the unique theatretheater(misspelling) can be modeled on the designs of sports arenasarenas,(This rule identifies whether commas are missing in a sentence.) where many performances usually carried on. The lecturer disputes this claim by emphasizing that sports arenas were not well-suited for the performances due to the dirty fence around the stages used to protect audiences from the playing animals, which can greatly block the sights from audiences and make a bad experiences to them. Lastly, the author posits that this unique design can lower the costs and bring more profits by containing larger audiences and using natural daylights. The lecturer refutes this notion by asserting that this design can be problematic and even reduce the profits in the rainy or cold days because the loss of roof can not protect the audiences from the bad weather, which can lead to decreasing audiences and make a smaller income instead.

Section Title: 6.文章修订

The reading passage presents three theories explaining the unique design of Elizabethan playhouses, while the lecture opposes these ideas by providing counterarguments.

Firstly, the reading passage suggests that the influence of classical Roman architecture could have inspired the round design of Elizabethan playhouses due to a republished book describing Roman theater designs. However, the lecturer refutes this idea by pointing out that those responsible for constructing these playhouses were primarily business people and carpenters, not architects familiar with the book. Moreover, since the book was published in Latin, which only highly educated individuals could understand at that time, it is unlikely that those who built the playhouses were even aware of its existence.

Secondly, the passage proposes that Elizabethan playhouses may have been modeled on circular sports arenas where traveling theater companies sometimes performed before permanent theaters were constructed. Contrarily, the lecturer argues that sports arenas were not well-suited for theatrical performances due to high fences enclosing animals and protecting spectators during sporting events. These fences obstructed audience members' views during plays, making it improbable that sports arenas served as inspiration for permanent playhouse designs.

Lastly, the author asserts that financial benefits could have driven key features of playhouse design such as larger audience capacity and open roofs allowing daylight performances without artificial lighting costs. The lecturer challenges this theory by highlighting potential profit reductions caused by open-roof designs offering no protection from inclement weather. Smaller audiences during cold or rainy days would result in decreased income, suggesting that financial motivations may not have been behind these unique design elements. (263 words)

The reading passage outlines presents three reasons for theories explaining the unique design of Elizabethan playhouses. However, the lecturer counters playhouses, while the lecture opposes these concerns ideas by presenting evidence that these factors are not as significant as initially proposed. providing counterarguments (Changed to clarify the relationship between the reading passage and lecture).

Firstly, the reading passage argues that the suggests that the influence of classical Roman architecture could have inspired the round design of Elizabethan playhouses due to a republished book describing Roman theater designs. However, the lecturer refutes this idea by pointing out that those responsible for constructing these playhouses were derived from ancient Roman architectures because of prevail published books about the design of Roman theatre. In contrast, the lecturer contends who were responsible for building these unusual theatres were primarily business people and carpenters, not architects having familiarity familiar with this the book but the business man even without being aware of it because (Rephrased for clarity and conciseness). Moreover, since the book was published in Latin Latin, which only highly educated people can understood individuals could understand at that time. time, it is unlikely that those who built the playhouses were even aware of its existence (Revised to improve sentence structure).

Secondly, the passage suggests that the unique theatre can be proposes that Elizabethan playhouses may have been modeled on the designs of circular sports arenas where many performances usually carried on. The traveling theater companies sometimes performed before permanent theaters were constructed. Contrarily, the lecturer disputes this claim by emphasizing argues that sports arenas were not well-suited for the theatrical performances due to the dirty fence around the stages used to protect audiences from the playing animals, which can greatly block the sights from audiences and make a bad experiences to them. high fences enclosing animals and protecting spectators during sporting events (Rephrased for clarity). These fences obstructed audience members' views during plays, making it improbable that sports arenas served as inspiration for permanent playhouse designs (Revised to improve sentence structure).

Lastly, the author posits that asserts that financial benefits could have driven key features of playhouse design such as larger audience capacity and open roofs allowing daylight performances without artificial lighting costs. The lecturer challenges this theory by highlighting potential profit reductions caused by open-roof designs offering no protection from inclement weather (Rephrased for clarity and conciseness). Smaller audiences during cold or rainy days would result in decreased income, suggesting that financial motivations may not have been behind these unique design can lower the costs and bring more profits by containing larger audiences and using natural daylights. The lecturer refutes this notion by asserting that this design can be problematic and even reduce the profits in the rainy or cold days because the loss of roof can not protect the audiences from the bad weather, which can lead to decreasing audiences and make a smaller income instead.elements (Revised to improve sentence structure).

8. Mind Map

• Introduction

  • Reading passage: three theories explaining Elizabethan playhouse design
  • Lecture: counterarguments to these theories

• Theory 1: Classical Roman architecture influence

  • Reading: round design inspired by republished book on Roman theater designs
  • Lecture: constructors were business people and carpenters, not architects; book in Latin, not widely understood

• Theory 2: Modeled on circular sports arenas

  • Reading: traveling theater companies performed in sports arenas before permanent theaters existed
  • Lecture: high fences obstructed views, making sports arenas unsuitable for theatrical performances

• Theory 3: Financial benefits of design features

  • Reading: larger audience capacity and open roofs for daylight performances without artificial lighting costs
  • Lecture: open-roof designs offered no protection from bad weather, potentially reducing profits

9. Keywords